Volcanos of the Philippines

At their core, the islands are the tips of submarine mountain ranges rising above sea level, on the border of two continental plates, the Philippine and the Eurasian. On a large scale, the Philippines is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, with earthquakes and volcanism as frequent side effects of this location at the plate boundary. There are currently around 22 active volcanoes, of which Mayon and Taal - both located in Luzon - have shown particular activity in recent years. The 1991 Pinatubo eruption was the world's second strongest of the 20th century.

The Philippines has 22 active volcanoes, the most famous and active include: Mount Mayon, Mount Bulusan, Taal Volcano, Mount Pinatubo, Mount Canlaon, Hibok-Hibok, Mount Ragang, Babuyan Claro Volcano.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_the_Philippines

Souece Pic: Own Work based on: https://tracesmap.com/

Mayon, also known as Mount Mayon and Mayon Volcano is an active stratovolcano in the province of Albay in Bicol, Philippines. A popular tourist spot, it is renowned for its "perfect cone" because of its symmetric conical shape and is regarded as sacred in Philippine mythology.

The volcano with its surrounding landscape was declared a national park on July 20, 1938, the first in the nation. It was reclassified as a natural park and renamed the Mayon Volcano Natural Park in 2000. It is the centerpiece of the Albay Biosphere Reserve, declared by UNESCO in 2016, and is currently being nominated as a World Heritage Site.

Mayon is the most active volcano in the Philippines, and its activity is regularly monitored by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) from their provincial headquarters on Ligñon Hill, about 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the summit.

Mayon is the main landmark and highest point of the province of Albay and the whole Bicol Region in the Philippines, rising 2,463 meters (8,081 ft) from the shores of Albay Gulf about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) away. The volcano is geographically shared by the eight cities and municipalities of Legazpi, Daraga, Camalig, Guinobatan, Ligao, Tabaco, Malilipot, and Santo Domingo (clockwise from Legazpi), which divide the cone like slices of a pie when viewing a map of their political boundaries.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayon

Source Pic: By Marisa Mercado - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=110062175

Mount Pinatubo is an active stratovolcano in the Zambales Mountains in Luzon in the Philippines. Located on the tripoint of Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga provinces, most people were unaware of its eruptive history before the pre-eruption volcanic activity in early 1991. Dense forests, which supported a population of several thousand indigenous Aetas, heavily eroded and obscured Pinatubo.

Pinatubo is known for its VEI-6 eruption on June 15, 1991, the second-largest terrestrial eruption of the 20th century after the 1912 eruption of Novarupta in Alaska. The eruption coincided with Typhoon Yunya making landfall in the Philippines, which brought a dangerous mix of ash and rain to nearby towns and cities. Early predictions led to the evacuation of tens of thousands of people, saving many lives. The eruption severely damaged surrounding areas with pyroclastic surges, pyroclastic falls, and later, flooding lahars caused by rainwater re-mobilizing volcanic deposits. This destruction affected infrastructure and altered river systems for years. Minor dome-forming eruptions inside the caldera continued from 1992 to 1993.

The volcano is about 87 kilometers (54 mi) northwest of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Near Mount Pinatubo are former military bases that were maintained by the United States. The U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay was 37 kilometers (23 mi) south of Pinatubo, and the extent of Clark Air Base was just 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) east of the volcano's summit. The volcano is near to about 6 million people.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Pinatubo

Source Pic: By Dave Harlow, USGS - CVO Photo Archives - Pinatubo, Philippines, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=545011

Taal Volcano is a large caldera filled by Taal Lake in the Philippines. Located in the province of Batangas about 50 kilometers (31 mi) south of Manila, the volcano is the second most active volcano in the country with 38 recorded historical eruptions, all of which were concentrated on Volcano Island, near the middle of Taal Lake. The caldera was formed by prehistoric eruptions between 140,000 and 5,380 BP.

Taal Volcano has had several violent eruptions in the past, causing deaths on the island and the populated areas surrounding the lake, with an overall death toll of about 6,000. Because of its proximity to populated areas and its eruptive history, the volcano was designated a Decade Volcano, worthy of close study to prevent future natural disasters.

Taal Volcano and Lake are entirely located in the province of Batangas. The northern half of Volcano Island falls under the jurisdiction of the lake shore town of Talisay, and the southern half in San Nicolas. The other communities that encircle Taal Lake include the cities of Tanauan and Lipa, and the municipalities of Talisay, Laurel, Agoncillo, Santa Teresita, San Nicolas, Alitagtag, Cuenca, Balete, and Mataasnakahoy. 

Quelle Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal_Volcano

Quelle Bild: By therealbrute (https://www.flickr.com/people/therealbrute/) - https://www.flickr.com/photos/therealbrute/4639392140/, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=75870045

Mount Bulusan, also known as Bulusan Volcano, is a stratovolcano on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Located in the province of Sorsogon in the Bicol Region, it is 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Mayon Volcano and approximately 390 kilometres (240 mi) southeast of Manila. Bulusan is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines.

Bulusan is classified by volcanologists as a stratovolcano (or a composite cone) and covers the northeast rim of Irosin caldera that was formed about 40,000 years ago. It has a peak elevation of 1,565 m (5,135 ft) above sea level with a base diameter of 15 km (9.3 mi).

Around the mountain are four craters and four hot springs. The first crater, called Blackbird Lake, is 20 m (66 ft) in diameter and 15 m (49 ft) deep. The second crater is oval, with dimensions of 60 by 30 m (197 by 98 ft) and 15 m (49 ft). The third crater is about 90 m (300 ft) in diameter and 20 m (66 ft) deep, while the fourth, which is near the northeastern rim opened during the 1981 eruption. There is also a 100-metre (330 ft) fissure measuring 5 to 8 m (16 to 26 ft) wide below this crater.

Bulusan is generally known for its sudden, steam-driven or phreatic explosions. It has erupted 15 times since 2016 and is the fourth most active volcano in the Philippines after Mayon, Taal, and Kanlaon. 

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Bulusan

Source Pic: By Photo by Chris Newhall, (U.S. Geological Survey). - https://volcano.si.edu/gallery/ShowImage.cfm?photo=GVP-01758, Domain Awam, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6604806

Kanlaon, also known as Mount Kanlaon and Kanlaon Volcano is an active andesitic stratovolcano and the highest mountain on the island of Negros in the Philippines, as well as the highest peak in the Visayas, with an elevation of 2,465 m (8,087 ft) above sea level. Mount Kanlaon ranks as the 42nd-highest peak of an island in the world.

The volcano straddles the provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental, approximately 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Bacolod, the capital and most populous city of Negros Occidental and whole island. It is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines and part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Kanlaon has a peak elevation of 2,465 m (8,087 ft), although it is reported as 2,435 m (7,989 ft) in some sources, with a base diameter of 30 km (19 mi), and is dotted with pyroclastic cones and extinct craters lining to the north-northwest. Just below and north of the summit is the active Lugud crater. North of Lugud is a 2 by 0.8 km (1.24 by 0.50 mi) caldera known as Margaja Valley, with a small, often seasonal crater lake. The volcano is estimated to have an area of 24,557.60 ha (245.5760 km2).

The volcano has three hot springs on its slopes: Mambukal Hot Springs on the northwest, Bucalan Hot Spring and Bungol Hot Spring. Its adjacent volcanic edifices are Mount Silay and Mount Mandalagan, north of Kanlaon.

La Carlota, La Castellana, Murcia, and San Carlos share the Negros Occidental side of the volcano, while Canlaon, the component city that has jurisdiction on the Negros Oriental side of the volcano, lies on its lower slope about 8.5 km (5.3 mi) ESE of the summit

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanlaon

Source Pic: By Studphil - Own work, public domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7966246

Mount Hibok-Hibok (also known as Catarman Volcano) is a stratovolcano on Camiguin Island in the Philippines. It is one of the active volcanoes in the country and part of the Pacific ring of fire. Volcanologists classify Hibok-Hibok or Catarman Volcano as a stratovolcano and dome complex with an elevation of 1,332 metres (4,370 ft) and a base diameter of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). It was described in a 1905 report as having "suddenly risen from the plain a short distance from the town of Catarmin in 1872.

Its adjacent volcanic edifices are: 580 metres (1,900 ft)-high Mount Vulcan, northwest of Hibok-Hibok; 1,552 metres (5,092 ft)-high Mount Mambajao, at the center of Camiguin; 581 metres (1,906 ft)-high Mount Guinsiliban, southernmost Camiguin; 679 metres (2,228 ft)-high Mount Butay; and Mount Uhay, north of Mount Guinsiliban. There are also domes and cones at Campana Hill, Minokol Hill, Tres Marias Hill, Mount Carling, Mount Tibane, and Piyakong Hill.

Mount Timpoong and Hibok-Hibok form the two major landmarks within the Timpoong and Hibok-Hibok Natural Monument. The natural monument became an ASEAN Heritage Park in 2015.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hibok-Hibok

Source Pic: By Klaus Polak – own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7992195

Mount Ragang, also called Mount Piapayungan and Blue Mountain by the local people, is an active stratovolcano on Mindanao island in the Philippines. With an elevation of 2,815 metres (9,236 ft), it is the seventh highest mountain in the Philippines and the highest point in Lanao del Sur.

Ragang has an elevation of 2,815 metres (9,236 ft) and a base diameter of 32 km (20 mi).

It is the most active volcano on Mindanao and is part of a string of volcanoes in what volcanologists call the Central Mindanao Arc. It is one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines, which are all part of the Pacific ring of fire.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Ragang

Source Pic: https://earth.google.com/web/search/Ragang

Babuyan Claro Volcano, also known as Mount Pangasun, is an active volcano located on Babuyan Island, the northernmost of the Babuyan group of islands in Luzon Strait, north of the main island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is classified as one of the active volcanoes of the country with the last confirmed eruption in 1860.[2]

The volcano is politically located in the similarly named Barangay of Babuyan Claro, in the Municipality of Calayan, Cagayan province, in the Cagayan Valley Region (Region II) of the country.

Babuyan Claro is a stratovolcano with an elevation of 843 meters (2,766 ft) and a base diameter of about 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) located in the center of Babuyan Island (also referred to as Babuyan Claro Island). It has four morphologically-fresh volcanic edifices: Mt. Cayonan in the south, Mt. Naydi and Mt. Dionisio in the southeast. Babuyan Claro has two very well-preserved craters 300 and 400 meters (980 and 1,310 ft) in diameter.

Source Text: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babuyan_Claro_Volcano

Source Pic: Fair use, https://www.si.edu/termsofuse/, https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=274030